From bd0f3345a938b35ce6a12f6150373b0955b8dd12 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Timothy Pearson Date: Sun, 10 Jul 2011 15:24:15 -0500 Subject: Add Qt3 development HEAD version --- doc/html/tictac-example.html | 577 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 577 insertions(+) create mode 100644 doc/html/tictac-example.html (limited to 'doc/html/tictac-example.html') diff --git a/doc/html/tictac-example.html b/doc/html/tictac-example.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2fdca04 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/html/tictac-example.html @@ -0,0 +1,577 @@ + + + + + +Tic Tac Toe + + + + + + + +

Tic Tac Toe

+ + +

+This is an implementation of the Tic-tac-toe game. +

We didn't put much effort in making a clever algorithm so it's not a +challenge to play against the computer. Instead, study the source code +to see how you can make reusable components such as the TicTacGameBoard +widget. +

Header file: +

/****************************************************************************
+** $Id: qt/tictac.h   3.3.8   edited Jan 11 14:37 $
+**
+** Copyright (C) 1992-2007 Trolltech ASA.  All rights reserved.
+**
+** This file is part of an example program for Qt.  This example
+** program may be used, distributed and modified without limitation.
+**
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef TICTAC_H
+#define TICTAC_H
+
+
+#include <qpushbutton.h>
+#include <qptrvector.h>
+
+class QComboBox;
+class QLabel;
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacButton implements a single tic-tac-toe button
+//
+
+class TicTacButton : public QPushButton
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+public:
+    TicTacButton( QWidget *parent );
+    enum Type { Blank, Circle, Cross };
+    Type        type() const            { return t; }
+    void        setType( Type type )    { t = type; repaint(); }
+    QSizePolicy sizePolicy() const
+    { return QSizePolicy( QSizePolicy::Preferred, QSizePolicy::Preferred ); }
+    QSize sizeHint() const { return QSize( 32, 32 ); }
+    QSize minimumSizeHint() const { return QSize( 10, 10 ); }
+protected:
+    void        drawButtonLabel( QPainter * );
+private:
+    Type t;
+};
+
+// Using template vector to make vector-class of TicTacButton.
+// This vector is used by the TicTacGameBoard class defined below.
+
+typedef QPtrVector<TicTacButton>        TicTacButtons;
+typedef QMemArray<int>          TicTacArray;
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard implements the tic-tac-toe game board.
+// TicTacGameBoard is a composite widget that contains N x N TicTacButtons.
+// N is specified in the constructor.
+//
+
+class TicTacGameBoard : public QWidget
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+public:
+    TicTacGameBoard( int n, QWidget *parent=0, const char *name=0 );
+   ~TicTacGameBoard();
+    enum        State { Init, HumansTurn, HumanWon, ComputerWon, NobodyWon };
+    State       state() const           { return st; }
+    void        computerStarts( bool v );
+    void        newGame();
+signals:
+    void        finished();                     // game finished
+private slots:
+    void        buttonClicked();
+private:
+    void        setState( State state ) { st = state; }
+    void        updateButtons();
+    int checkBoard( TicTacArray * );
+    void        computerMove();
+    State       st;
+    int         nBoard;
+    bool        comp_starts;
+    TicTacArray *btArray;
+    TicTacButtons *buttons;
+};
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacToe implements the complete game.
+// TicTacToe is a composite widget that contains a TicTacGameBoard and
+// two push buttons for starting the game and quitting.
+//
+
+class TicTacToe : public QWidget
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+public:
+    TicTacToe( int boardSize=3, QWidget *parent=0, const char *name=0 );
+private slots:
+    void        newGameClicked();
+    void        gameOver();
+private:
+    void        newState();
+    QComboBox   *whoStarts;
+    QPushButton *newGame;
+    QPushButton *quit;
+    QLabel      *message;
+    TicTacGameBoard *board;
+};
+
+
+#endif // TICTAC_H
+

+ +

Implementation: +

/****************************************************************************
+** $Id: qt/tictac.cpp   3.3.8   edited Jan 11 14:37 $
+**
+** Copyright (C) 1992-2007 Trolltech ASA.  All rights reserved.
+**
+** This file is part of an example program for Qt.  This example
+** program may be used, distributed and modified without limitation.
+**
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include "tictac.h"
+#include <qapplication.h>
+#include <qpainter.h>
+#include <qdrawutil.h>
+#include <qcombobox.h>
+#include <qcheckbox.h>
+#include <qlabel.h>
+#include <qlayout.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>                             // rand() function
+#include <qdatetime.h>                          // seed for rand()
+
+
+//***************************************************************************
+//* TicTacButton member functions
+//***************************************************************************
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Creates a TicTacButton
+//
+
+TicTacButton::TicTacButton( QWidget *parent ) : QPushButton( parent )
+{
+    t = Blank;                                  // initial type
+}
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Paints TicTacButton
+//
+
+void TicTacButton::drawButtonLabel( QPainter *p )
+{
+    QRect r = rect();
+    p->setPen( QPen( white,2 ) );               // set fat pen
+    if ( t == Circle ) {
+        p->drawEllipse( r.left()+4, r.top()+4, r.width()-8, r.height()-8 );
+    } else if ( t == Cross ) {                  // draw cross
+        p->drawLine( r.topLeft()   +QPoint(4,4), r.bottomRight()-QPoint(4,4));
+        p->drawLine( r.bottomLeft()+QPoint(4,-4),r.topRight()   -QPoint(4,-4));
+    }
+}
+
+
+//***************************************************************************
+//* TicTacGameBoard member functions
+//***************************************************************************
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Creates a game board with N x N buttons and connects the "clicked()"
+// signal of all buttons to the "buttonClicked()" slot.
+//
+
+TicTacGameBoard::TicTacGameBoard( int n, QWidget *parent, const char *name )
+    : QWidget( parent, name )
+{
+    st = Init;                                  // initial state
+    nBoard = n;
+    n *= n;                                     // make square
+    comp_starts = FALSE;                        // human starts
+    buttons = new TicTacButtons(n);             // create real buttons
+    btArray = new TicTacArray(n);               // create button model
+    QGridLayout * grid = new QGridLayout( this, nBoard, nBoard, 4 );
+    QPalette p( blue );
+    for ( int i=0; i<n; i++ ) {                 // create and connect buttons
+        TicTacButton *ttb = new TicTacButton( this );
+        ttb->setPalette( p );
+        ttb->setEnabled( FALSE );
+        connect( ttb, SIGNAL(clicked()), SLOT(buttonClicked()) );
+        grid->addWidget( ttb, i%nBoard, i/nBoard );
+        buttons->insert( i, ttb );
+        btArray->at(i) = TicTacButton::Blank;   // initial button type
+    }
+    QTime t = QTime::currentTime();             // set random seed
+    srand( t.hour()*12+t.minute()*60+t.second()*60 );
+}
+
+TicTacGameBoard::~TicTacGameBoard()
+{
+    delete buttons;
+    delete btArray;
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard::computerStarts( bool v )
+//
+// Computer starts if v=TRUE. The human starts by default.
+//
+
+void TicTacGameBoard::computerStarts( bool v )
+{
+    comp_starts = v;
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard::newGame()
+//
+// Clears the game board and prepares for a new game
+//
+
+void TicTacGameBoard::newGame()
+{
+    st = HumansTurn;
+    for ( int i=0; i<nBoard*nBoard; i++ )
+        btArray->at(i) = TicTacButton::Blank;
+    if ( comp_starts )
+        computerMove();
+    else
+        updateButtons();
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard::buttonClicked()             - SLOT
+//
+// This slot is activated when a TicTacButton emits the signal "clicked()",
+// i.e. the user has clicked on a TicTacButton.
+//
+
+void TicTacGameBoard::buttonClicked()
+{
+    if ( st != HumansTurn )                     // not ready
+        return;
+    int i = buttons->findRef( (TicTacButton*)sender() );
+    TicTacButton *b = buttons->at(i);           // get piece that was pressed
+    if ( b->type() == TicTacButton::Blank ) {   // empty piece?
+        btArray->at(i) = TicTacButton::Circle;
+        updateButtons();
+        if ( checkBoard( btArray ) == 0 )       // not a winning move?
+            computerMove();
+        int s = checkBoard( btArray );
+        if ( s ) {                              // any winners yet?
+            st = s == TicTacButton::Circle ? HumanWon : ComputerWon;
+            emit finished();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard::updateButtons()
+//
+// Updates all buttons that have changed state
+//
+
+void TicTacGameBoard::updateButtons()
+{
+    for ( int i=0; i<nBoard*nBoard; i++ ) {
+        if ( buttons->at(i)->type() != btArray->at(i) )
+            buttons->at(i)->setType( (TicTacButton::Type)btArray->at(i) );
+        buttons->at(i)->setEnabled( buttons->at(i)->type() ==
+                                    TicTacButton::Blank );
+    }
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard::checkBoard()
+//
+// Checks if one of the players won the game, works for any board size.
+//
+// Returns:
+//  - TicTacButton::Cross  if the player with X buttons won
+//  - TicTacButton::Circle if the player with O buttons won
+//  - Zero (0) if there is no winner yet
+//
+
+int TicTacGameBoard::checkBoard( TicTacArray *a )
+{
+    int  t = 0;
+    int  row, col;
+    bool won = FALSE;
+    for ( row=0; row<nBoard && !won; row++ ) {  // check horizontal
+        t = a->at(row*nBoard);
+        if ( t == TicTacButton::Blank )
+            continue;
+        col = 1;
+        while ( col<nBoard && a->at(row*nBoard+col) == t )
+            col++;
+        if ( col == nBoard )
+            won = TRUE;
+    }
+    for ( col=0; col<nBoard && !won; col++ ) {  // check vertical
+        t = a->at(col);
+        if ( t == TicTacButton::Blank )
+            continue;
+        row = 1;
+        while ( row<nBoard && a->at(row*nBoard+col) == t )
+            row++;
+        if ( row == nBoard )
+            won = TRUE;
+    }
+    if ( !won ) {                               // check diagonal top left
+        t = a->at(0);                           //   to bottom right
+        if ( t != TicTacButton::Blank ) {
+            int i = 1;
+            while ( i<nBoard && a->at(i*nBoard+i) == t )
+                i++;
+            if ( i == nBoard )
+                won = TRUE;
+        }
+    }
+    if ( !won ) {                               // check diagonal bottom left
+        int j = nBoard-1;                       //   to top right
+        int i = 0;
+        t = a->at(i+j*nBoard);
+        if ( t != TicTacButton::Blank ) {
+            i++; j--;
+            while ( i<nBoard && a->at(i+j*nBoard) == t ) {
+                i++; j--;
+            }
+            if ( i == nBoard )
+                won = TRUE;
+        }
+    }
+    if ( !won )                                 // no winner
+        t = 0;
+    return t;
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacGameBoard::computerMove()
+//
+// Puts a piece on the game board. Very, very simple.
+//
+
+void TicTacGameBoard::computerMove()
+{
+    int numButtons = nBoard*nBoard;
+    int *altv = new int[numButtons];            // buttons alternatives
+    int altc = 0;
+    int stopHuman = -1;
+    TicTacArray a = btArray->copy();
+    int i;
+    for ( i=0; i<numButtons; i++ ) {            // try all positions
+        if ( a[i] != TicTacButton::Blank )      // already a piece there
+            continue;
+        a[i] = TicTacButton::Cross;             // test if computer wins
+        if ( checkBoard(&a) == a[i] ) {         // computer will win
+            st = ComputerWon;
+            stopHuman = -1;
+            break;
+        }
+        a[i] = TicTacButton::Circle;            // test if human wins
+        if ( checkBoard(&a) == a[i] ) {         // oops...
+            stopHuman = i;                      // remember position
+            a[i] = TicTacButton::Blank;         // restore button
+            continue;                           // computer still might win
+        }
+        a[i] = TicTacButton::Blank;             // restore button
+        altv[altc++] = i;                       // remember alternative
+    }
+    if ( stopHuman >= 0 )                       // must stop human from winning
+        a[stopHuman] = TicTacButton::Cross;
+    else if ( i == numButtons ) {               // tried all alternatives
+        if ( altc > 0 )                         // set random piece
+            a[altv[rand()%(altc--)]] = TicTacButton::Cross;
+        if ( altc == 0 ) {                      // no more blanks
+            st = NobodyWon;
+            emit finished();
+        }
+    }
+    *btArray = a;                               // update model
+    updateButtons();                            // update buttons
+    delete[] altv;
+}
+
+
+//***************************************************************************
+//* TicTacToe member functions
+//***************************************************************************
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Creates a game widget with a game board and two push buttons, and connects
+// signals of child widgets to slots.
+//
+
+TicTacToe::TicTacToe( int boardSize, QWidget *parent, const char *name )
+    : QWidget( parent, name )
+{
+    QVBoxLayout * l = new QVBoxLayout( this, 6 );
+
+    // Create a message label
+
+    message = new QLabel( this );
+    message->setFrameStyle( QFrame::WinPanel | QFrame::Sunken );
+    message->setAlignment( AlignCenter );
+    l->addWidget( message );
+
+    // Create the game board and connect the signal finished() to this
+    // gameOver() slot
+
+    board = new TicTacGameBoard( boardSize, this );
+    connect( board, SIGNAL(finished()), SLOT(gameOver()) );
+    l->addWidget( board );
+
+    // Create a horizontal frame line
+
+    QFrame *line = new QFrame( this );
+    line->setFrameStyle( QFrame::HLine | QFrame::Sunken );
+    l->addWidget( line );
+
+    // Create the combo box for deciding who should start, and
+    // connect its clicked() signals to the buttonClicked() slot
+
+    whoStarts = new QComboBox( this );
+    whoStarts->insertItem( "Computer starts" );
+    whoStarts->insertItem( "Human starts" );
+    l->addWidget( whoStarts );
+
+    // Create the push buttons and connect their clicked() signals
+    // to this right slots.
+
+    newGame = new QPushButton( "Play!", this );
+    connect( newGame, SIGNAL(clicked()), SLOT(newGameClicked()) );
+    quit = new QPushButton( "Quit", this );
+    connect( quit, SIGNAL(clicked()), qApp, SLOT(quit()) );
+    QHBoxLayout * b = new QHBoxLayout;
+    l->addLayout( b );
+    b->addWidget( newGame );
+    b->addWidget( quit );
+
+    newState();
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacToe::newGameClicked()                  - SLOT
+//
+// This slot is activated when the new game button is clicked.
+//
+
+void TicTacToe::newGameClicked()
+{
+    board->computerStarts( whoStarts->currentItem() == 0 );
+    board->newGame();
+    newState();
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TicTacToe::gameOver()                        - SLOT
+//
+// This slot is activated when the TicTacGameBoard emits the signal
+// "finished()", i.e. when a player has won or when it is a draw.
+//
+
+void TicTacToe::gameOver()
+{
+    newState();                                 // update text box
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Updates the message to reflect a new state.
+//
+
+void TicTacToe::newState()
+{
+    static const char *msg[] = {                // TicTacGameBoard::State texts
+        "Click Play to start", "Make your move",
+        "You won!", "Computer won!", "It's a draw" };
+    message->setText( msg[board->state()] );
+    return;
+}
+

+ +

Main: +

/****************************************************************************
+** $Id: qt/main.cpp   3.3.8   edited Jan 11 14:37 $
+**
+** Copyright (C) 1992-2007 Trolltech ASA.  All rights reserved.
+**
+** This file is part of an example program for Qt.  This example
+** program may be used, distributed and modified without limitation.
+**
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <qapplication.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "tictac.h"
+
+
+int main( int argc, char **argv )
+{
+    QApplication a( argc, argv );
+    int n = 3;
+    if ( argc == 2 )                            // get board size n
+        n = atoi(argv[1]);
+    if ( n < 3 || n > 10 ) {                    // out of range
+        qWarning( "%s: Board size must be from 3x3 to 10x10", argv[0] );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    TicTacToe ttt( n );                         // create game
+    a.setMainWidget( &ttt );
+    ttt.setCaption("Qt Example - TicTac");
+    ttt.show();                                 // show widget
+    return a.exec();                            // go
+}
+

+ +