<!-- <?xml version="1.0" ?> <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//KDE//DTD DocBook XML V4.2-Based Variant V1.1//EN" "dtd/kdex.dtd"> --> <chapter id="configure"> <title>Configuring &kde;</title> <qandaset> <qandaentry> <question> <para>How do I set the language used by &kde;?</para> </question> <answer> <para>There are two ways to set the language &kde; uses in the messages it will display:</para> <variablelist> <varlistentry><term>Using the <application>&kde; Control Center</application></term> <listitem><para>Fire up the <application>&kde; Control Center</application> and select <guimenu>Regional & Accessibility</guimenu> followed by <guimenuitem>Country/Region & Language</guimenuitem>. You can select your language and location here. If &kde; cannot find a translation in the first language chosen, it will fall back on the default language. This is usually (American) English by default.</para> <note><para>Using the <application>&kde; Control Center</application> is the preferred way of choosing languages in &kde;.</para></note></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry><term>Using the <envar>LANG</envar> environment variable</term> <listitem><para>The second method uses the standard locale setting on your system. To change the language, simply set the environment variable <envar>LANG</envar> accordingly. For example, if your shell is <application>bash</application>, execute <userinput><command>export</command> <envar>LANG</envar>=de</userinput> to set German as the language used.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> </variablelist> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>Is there any keyboard switcher for international keyboards for &kde;?</para> </question> <answer> <para> Yes, you can configure it using the <application>&kde; Control Center</application> <guimenu>Regional & Accessibility</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Keyboard Layout</guimenuitem> configuration page. </para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>How do I replace the standard text login screen with the &kde; login screen?</para> </question> <answer> <note><para>Your distribution/&UNIX; flavor may have its own setup tools to change this (⪚ <application>YaST</application> on &SuSE; &Linux;). This will be the safest way to enable the &kde; login screen. However, if for some reason you do not wish to use these tools, the following instructions may be useful.</para></note> <para>First, you need to change to the <quote>xdm runlevel</quote> (runlevel 5 on &RedHat; and &SuSE; systems) by editing your <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> file. In the file, you should have a line saying <userinput>id:3:initdefault:</userinput>. Change it to <userinput>id:5:initdefault:</userinput>. Now, at the end of the file, comment out the following line: <literal>x:5:respawn:/usr/bin/X11/xdm -nodaemon</literal> and replace it with <userinput>x:5:respawn:<replaceable>/opt/kde/</replaceable>bin/kdm -nodaemon</userinput>. <note><para>The location of &kdm; may differ on your system.</para></note></para> <para>For changes to take effect immediately, type <command>init 5</command> (for &RedHat; systems) at the shell prompt. <caution><para>It is risky to initiate a graphical login without checking beforehand whether it works. If it fails to work, you would be in for a hard time getting back....</para></caution></para> </answer> <answer> <para> For FreeBSD, you should edit the file <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> and change one of the lines that look like <programlisting>ttyv8 "/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon" xterm off secure</programlisting> to instead say <userinput>ttyv8 "/usr/local/bin/kdm -nodaemon" xterm off secure</userinput>.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>I would like to click the &LMB; anywhere on the desktop and have the <guimenu>K</guimenu> menu displayed.</para> </question> <answer> <para>Open the <application>&kde; Control Center</application> and choose <menuchoice><guisubmenu>Desktop</guisubmenu> <guisubmenu>Behavior</guisubmenu></menuchoice>. You can now choose the behavior of mouse clicks on the desktop. To have the <guimenu>K</guimenu> menu open from a single &LMB; click, change the entry labeled <guilabel>Left button</guilabel> to say <guilabel>Application Menu</guilabel>.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>Where do I find information regarding &kde; themes?</para> </question> <answer> <para>Go to <ulink url="http://kde.themes.org/">http://kde.themes.org/</ulink> or <ulink url="http://www.kde-look.org">http://www.kde-look.org</ulink>.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>How do I change &MIME; Types?</para> </question> <answer> <para>If you are using &konqueror;, do this instead: first, open a &konqueror; window and choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Settings</guimenu><guimenuitem>Configure Konqueror</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, then <guilabel>File Associations</guilabel>. Find the type you want to change (⪚ <literal>text/english</literal> or <literal>image/gif</literal>), and set the application preference order to whatever you want.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>&kde; (&kdm;) does not read my <filename>.bash_profile</filename>!</para> </question> <answer> <para>The login managers<application>xdm</application> and &kdm; do not run a login shell, so <filename>.profile</filename>, <filename>.bash_profile</filename>, &etc; are not sourced. When the user logs in, <application>xdm</application> runs <command>Xstartup</command> as root and then <command>Xsession</command> as user. So the normal practice is to add statements in <filename>Xsession</filename> to source the user profile. Please edit your <filename>Xsession</filename> and <filename>.xsession</filename> files.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>How do I use &TrueType; fonts in &kde;?</para> </question> <answer> <para>You need to install &TrueType; font support into your &X-Window; configuration. Please take a look at <ulink url="http://x.themes.org/">x.themes.org</ulink> for the fonts, and <ulink url="http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/jec/programs/xfsft/">xfsft: &TrueType; Font Support For X11</ulink> or <ulink url="http://X-TT.dsl.gr.jp/">X-&TrueType; Server Project Home Page</ulink> for the font servers.</para> <para>If you have a bunch of &TrueType; fonts from &Microsoft; &Windows;, edit the <filename>XF86Config</filename> file to get the fonts from the font folder. Then just tell &kde; to use these new fonts with the font administrator utility.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>Is it possible to enter, show and work with the Euro Symbol in &kde;?</para> </question> <answer> <para>Yes and no. For details, look here: <ulink url="http://www.koffice.org/kword/euro.php">http://www.koffice.org/kword/euro.php</ulink>.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question><para>How do I run a program at &kde; startup?</para></question> <answer><para>There are many ways to do that. If what you want to do is to run some scripts that would set some environment variables (for example, to start <command>gpg-agent</command>, <command>ssh-agent</command> and others), you can put these scripts into <filename class="directory">$<envar>KDEHOME</envar>/env/</filename> and make sure their names end in <literal role="extension">.sh</literal>. $<envar>KDEHOME</envar> is usually a folder named <filename class="directory">.kde</filename> (note the period at the beginning) in your home folder. If you want scripts to be executed for all &kde; users, you can put them under <filename class="directory">$<envar>KDEDIR</envar>/env/</filename>, where $<envar>KDEDIR</envar> is the prefix &kde; was installed to (you can find this out using the command <userinput><command>kde-config</command> --prefix</userinput>).</para> <para>If you wish to start a program after &kde; has started, you may want to use the <filename class="directory">Autostart</filename> folder. To add entries to the <filename class="directory">Autostart</filename> folder: <orderedlist> <listitem><para>Open &konqueror;.</para> </listitem> <listitem><para>Select <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Autostart</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> from the menubar.</para> </listitem> <listitem><para>Right-click in the window view area and select <menuchoice><guisubmenu>Create New</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>File</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Link to Application</guimenuitem> </menuchoice></para> </listitem> <listitem><para>Click on the <guilabel>Application</guilabel> tab in the window that appears and enter the name of the command to run in the <guilabel>Command</guilabel> text box.</para> </listitem> </orderedlist> </para> </answer> </qandaentry> <qandaentry> <question> <para>How can I allow more than one user to be logged in a at a time? Can &kde; do <quote>fast user switching</quote>?</para> </question> <answer> <para>To enable more than one user to log in at one time on the same computer (sometimes referred to as <quote>fast user switching</quote>) you need to tell the program that logs you in that it can use more than one session (or, in &X-Window; terms, <quote>display</quote>) at a time.</para> <para>In &kde;, this program is called &kdm; which stands for <quote>&kde; Display Manager</quote>. If you are not using &kdm; as your login screen then you will need to consult the documentation for the software you are using on how to accomplish multiple sessions.</para> <para>By default, this will be configured at installation time automatically if &kdm; supports virtual terminals on your system (currently Linux only). If it was not configured automatically, consult the &kdm; manual, section <ulink url="help:/kdm/kdmrc-xservers">Specifying permanent &X-Server;s</ulink>. After modifying kdmrc, you will have to let &kdm; know about it; just invoke <command>killall -HUP kdm</command>.</para> </answer> </qandaentry> </qandaset> </chapter>