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+/***************************************************************************
+ *   Copyright (C) 2003-2004 by David Saxton                               *
+ *   [email protected]                                                    *
+ *                                                                         *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
+ *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ELEMENT_H
+#define ELEMENT_H
+
+#include "elementset.h"
+#include "matrix.h"
+
+class ElementSet;
+class Vector;
+typedef unsigned int uint;
+
+const double T = 300.; // Temperature in Kelvin
+const double K = 1.38e-23; // Boltzmann's constant
+const double q = 1.602e-19; // Charge on an electron
+const double V_T = K*T/q; // Thermal voltage
+const double gmin = 1e-12; // Minimum parallel conductance used in dc domain
+
+class CNode
+{
+public:
+	CNode();
+	void set_n( const uint n ) { m_n=n; }
+	uint n() { return m_n; }
+	double v; // Voltage on node. This is set from the last calculated voltage.
+	bool isGround; // True for ground nodes. Obviously, you should ignore n and v if this is true
+private:
+	uint m_n; // CNode number
+};
+
+class CBranch
+{
+public:
+	CBranch();
+	void set_n( const uint n ) { m_n=n; }
+	uint n() { return m_n; }
+	double i; // Current flowing through branch. This is set from the last calculated current.
+private:
+	uint m_n; // CBranch number
+};
+
+const int MAX_CNODES = 4;
+
+// Default node number that represents no node (remember that
+// Ground node is -1, and the rest are numbered from 0 to n-1
+const int noCNode = -2;
+// Likewise for branch (although there is no "ground" branch;
+// it is merely -2 for likeness with noCNode)
+const int noBranch = -2;
+
+/**
+@short Represents a circuit element (such as resistance)
+@author David Saxton
+*/
+class Element
+{
+public:
+	enum Type
+	{
+		Element_BJT,
+		Element_Capacitance,
+		Element_CCCS,
+		Element_CCVS,
+		Element_CurrentSignal,
+		Element_CurrentSource,
+		Element_Diode,
+		Element_Inductance,
+		Element_LogicIn,
+		Element_LogicOut,
+		Element_OpAmp,
+		Element_Resistance,
+		Element_VCCS,
+		Element_VCVS,
+		Element_VoltagePoint,
+		Element_VoltageSignal,
+		Element_VoltageSource
+	};
+	
+	Element();
+	virtual ~Element();
+	/**
+	 * This must be called when the circuit is changed. The function will get
+	 * all the required pointers from ElementSet
+	 */
+	virtual void setElementSet( ElementSet *c );
+	/**
+	 * Returns a pointer to the current element set
+	 */
+	ElementSet *elementSet() { return p_eSet; }
+	/**
+	 * Tells the element which nodes to use. Remember that -1 is ground. You
+	 * should refer to the individual elements for which nodes are used for what.
+	 */
+	void setCNodes( const int n0 = noCNode, const int n1 = noCNode, const int n2 = noCNode, const int n3 = noCNode );
+	/**
+	 * Tells the element it's branch numbers (if it should have one). Not
+	 * all elements use this.
+	 */
+	void setCBranches( const int b0 = noBranch, const int b1 = noBranch, const int b2 = noBranch, const int b3 = noBranch );
+	/**
+	 * Returns a pointer to the given CNode
+	 */
+	CNode *cnode( const uint num ) { return p_cnode[num]; }
+	/**
+	 * Returns a pointer to the given CNode
+	 */
+	CBranch *cbranch( const uint num ) { return p_cbranch[num]; }
+	/**
+	 * Returns the number of branches used by the element
+	 */
+	int numCBranches() { return m_numCBranches; }
+	/**
+	 * Returns the number of circuit nodes used by the element
+	 */
+	int numCNodes() { return m_numCNodes; }
+	/**
+	 * Call this function to tell the element to calculate the
+	 * current flowing *into* it's cnodes *from* the element. You
+	 * can get the currents with m_cnodeI. Child class must implement this function.
+	 */
+	virtual void updateCurrents() = 0;
+	/**
+	 * Returns true for reactive elements that need stepping for numerical-integration
+	 * (such as capacitors)
+	 */
+	virtual bool isReactive() { return false; }
+	/**
+	 * Returns true for NonLinear elements that need iteration to converge to a solution
+	 * as the matrix A is a function of x.
+	 */
+	virtual bool isNonLinear() { return false; }
+	/**
+	 * Returns the type of element
+	 */
+	virtual Type type() const = 0;
+	/**
+	 * Call this function to tell the element to add its map to the matrix in use
+	 */
+	virtual void add_map() {};
+	/**
+	 * Does the required MNA stuff. This should be called from ElementSet when necessary.
+	 */
+	virtual void add_initial_dc() = 0;
+	/**
+	 * This is called from the Component destructor. When elementSetDeleted has
+	 * also been called, this class will delete itself.
+	 */
+	 void componentDeleted();
+	 void elementSetDeleted();
+	
+	double m_cnodeI[8]; ///< Current flowing into the cnodes from the element
+	double cbranchCurrent( const int branch );
+	double cnodeVoltage( const int node );
+	
+protected:
+	/**
+	 * Resets all calculated currents in the nodes to 0
+	 */
+	void resetCurrents();
+	
+	inline double & A_g( uint i, uint j );
+	inline double & A_b( uint i, uint j );
+	inline double & A_c( uint i, uint j );
+	inline double & A_d( uint i, uint j );
+	
+	inline double & b_i( uint i );
+	inline double & b_v( uint i );
+	
+	ElementSet *p_eSet;
+	Matrix *p_A;
+	Vector *p_b;
+	CNode *p_cnode[MAX_CNODES];
+	CBranch *p_cbranch[4];
+	
+	/**
+	 * True when the element can do add_initial_dc(), i.e. when it has
+	 * pointers to the circuit, and at least one of its nodes is not ground.
+	 */
+	bool b_status;
+	/**
+	 * Update the status, returning b_status
+	 */
+	virtual bool updateStatus();
+	/**
+	 * Set by child class - the number of branches that the element uses
+	 * Typically, this is 0, but could be 1 (e.g. independent voltage source)
+	 * or 2 (e.g. cccs)
+	 */
+	int m_numCBranches;
+	/**
+	 * Set by child class - the number of circuit nodes that the element uses
+	 */
+	int m_numCNodes;
+	
+private:
+	bool b_componentDeleted;
+	bool b_eSetDeleted; 
+	double m_temp;
+};
+
+
+double & Element::A_g( uint i, uint j )
+{
+	if ( p_cnode[i]->isGround || p_cnode[j]->isGround )
+		return m_temp;
+	return p_A->g( p_cnode[i]->n(), p_cnode[j]->n() );
+}
+
+
+double & Element::A_b( uint i, uint j )
+{
+	if ( p_cnode[i]->isGround )
+		return m_temp;
+	return p_A->b( p_cnode[i]->n(), p_cbranch[j]->n() );
+}
+
+
+double & Element::A_c( uint i, uint j )
+{
+	if ( p_cnode[j]->isGround )
+		return m_temp;
+	return p_A->c( p_cbranch[i]->n(), p_cnode[j]->n() );
+}
+
+
+double & Element::A_d( uint i, uint j )
+{
+	return p_A->d( p_cbranch[i]->n(), p_cbranch[j]->n() );
+}
+
+
+
+double & Element::b_i( uint i )
+{
+	if ( p_cnode[i]->isGround )
+		return m_temp;
+	
+	return (*p_b)[ p_cnode[i]->n() ];
+}
+
+
+double & Element::b_v( uint i )
+{
+	return (*p_b)[ p_eSet->cnodeCount() + p_cbranch[i]->n() ];
+}
+
+#endif